Open Science is scholarly research that is collaborative, transparent and reproducible and whose outputs are publicly available. The European Union will not remain competitive at the global level unless it promotes Open Science, and relatedly, Open Innovation. The time to act is now. At its core, Open Science aims at: “increasing research quality, boosting collaboration, speeding up the research process, making the assessment of research more transparent, promoting public access to scientific results, as well as introducing more people to academic research”. By taking advantage of Open Science, researchers can enhance the quality of curiosity-driven research, maximise the value and potential impact of their work to create new avenues of knowledge, and drive scientific progress and Open Innovation within Europe and beyond.